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Although verbal agreements are as legally binding and enforceable as any written agreement, the issue presents itself when trying to prove the existence of the said agreement.
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For any traffic violation, there are two types of traffic fines defined in the Criminal
A Criminal Court summons is served in instances where there is no urgency, and the accused has a fixed address; if there is no reason for a prosecutor to assume that the accused may flee to avoid their attendance in court. The summons shall be served on the accused personally, or if they cannot be found, it may be served on a person over the age of 16, residing at the accused’s confirmed residence or place of business. The summons shall be served at least 14 days before the date determined for trial.
The Rules of Court no longer provide for a period until a summons will lapse. Previously, a summons would lapse after 12 months since date of issue, or having been served, the Plaintiff has not taken further steps in prosecution.
A summons is the first process for a legal claim where a Plaintiff has instituted an action against a Defendant.
Once the summons is served via Sheriff, you will have 10 days to respond with a Notice of Intention to Defend or attempt to negotiate a settlement with the Plaintiff.
In giving effect to the rights, the Rental Housing Act, 50 of 1999 (“the Act”), was implemented to recognise the importance of rental housing and balance the rights of tenants and landlords – and to protect them from unfair practices and exploitation.
The Protection of Personal Information Act No. 3 of 2013 (“the Act”) defines in its Chapter 11 and Section’s 100 – 106 items that qualify as being POPIA non-compliant.
The Protection of Personal Protection (POPIA) Act, 4 of 2013, has introduced recent amendments in which certain significant sections (Sections 2 to 38; 55 to 109; 111; and 114 (1), (2) and (3)) took effect from 1 July 2020.
Compliance is fully enforceable one year thereafter – 1 July 2021.
In South Africa, we have freedom of conscience, religion, thought, belief, and opinion as stated in Section 15 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996, and further provides for in Section 17, the right to peacefully assemble, unarmed to demonstrate, picket and to present petitions.
COVID 19 has changed the way the world operates. The pandemic has led to financial, economic, and political strain, which in turn, have altered the way human beings’ function in what we all once knew as “normality”.
Fortunately, the first vaccine has been approved and is being distributed to countries around the world.
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